Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) management remains challenging due to the high heterogeneity of clinical symptoms and the complex pathophysiological basis of the disease. Airflow ...

Traditionally, the clinical evaluation of respiratory diseases was pulmonary function testing, which can be used for the detection of severity and prognosis through pulmonary function parameters.

Examining a patient for common or complex pulmonary issues in a primary care setting takes time and expertise — physicians need to ask about symptoms and medical history and determine which tests to ...

Background Pulmonary function testing provides important insight regarding health; the vital capacity (VC) is so named because of its association with survival and longevity. Interpretation of ...