Combinations of three quarks (RGB) or three antiquarks (CMY) are colorless, as are appropriate combinations of quark/antiquark pairs. The gluon exchanges that keep these entities stable are quite ...

The internal structure of a proton, with quarks, gluons, and quark spin shown. The nuclear force acts like a spring, with negligible force when unstretched but large, attractive forces when stretched ...

These force-carrying particles are the glue that binds baryonic matter together. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s how it works. Gluons are ...

"These results confirm our suspicion that a lot of the gluons' contribution to proton spin comes from the gluons with relatively low momentum," said Ralf Seidl, a physicist from the RIKEN-BNL Research ...

"With evidence that quarks and gluons are entangled, this picture has changed. We have a much more complicated, dynamic system." When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate ...

Suppression of a telltale sign of quark-gluon interactions indicates gluon recombination in dense walls of gluons. Previous experiments have shown that when ions are accelerated to high energies, ...

Polarized proton containing spinning quarks and gluons (represented by right-handed and left-handed spirals). The negative Δg solutions (blue) are disfavored relative to the positive Δg solutions (red ...

A new analysis of data from the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) reveals fresh evidence that collisions of even very small nuclei with large ones might create tiny ...